Anthu oyenerera adawulula kuti ndondomeko ya 12 yazaka zisanu ya mphamvu yamagetsi idzayang'ana pa kusintha kwa njira ya chitukuko cha mphamvu zamagetsi, ndipo makamaka kuzungulira mphamvu yamagetsi, kumanga gridi yamagetsi ndi kukonzanso njira zitatu.Pofika chaka cha 2012, anthu a ku Tibet adzakhala atalumikizidwa ndi intaneti, ndipo ma network amagetsi azigwira dziko lonse.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, gawo la magetsi a malasha ndi magetsi oikidwa lidzachepetsedwa ndi pafupifupi 6% pofika kumapeto kwa Pulani ya 12 ya Zaka zisanu.Mphamvu zoyera zidzakulitsanso dongosolo la mphamvu.
Gawo la malasha mumagetsi lidzatsika ndi 6%
Malinga ndi anthu okhudzidwa a China Telephone Union, lingaliro lonse la dongosololi ndi "msika waukulu, cholinga chachikulu ndi dongosolo lalikulu", kuyang'ana pa kufunikira kwa msika pamlingo wadziko lonse, kukhathamiritsa kwa magetsi, masanjidwe a gridi, sayansi ndi luso lamakono, ndondomeko ya zachuma ndi chitukuko cha mphamvu, ndi zina zotero. Kuphatikiza apo, kusunga mphamvu ndi kuchepetsa mpweya, njira yopangira magetsi, sikelo ya mphamvu ya mphepo, chitsanzo cha chitukuko cha mphamvu ya nyukiliya ndi zina.
Zogwirizana ndi mphamvu yamagetsi mu dongosolo la 11 lazaka zisanu lomwe limayang'ana kwambiri pakukula kwa chitukuko chamagetsi, ndalama zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi ndi ndalama, chitukuko cha mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa, komanso kusintha kwamitengo yamagetsi, kuteteza chilengedwe ndi kupulumutsa zinthu, kupulumutsa mphamvu, zonse. moyenera kayendedwe ka malasha, kukonzanso magetsi akumidzi ndi chitukuko ndi zina zisanu ndi zitatu zosiyana, ndondomeko ya 12 yazaka zisanu idzawunikira chidwi chosintha njira ya chitukuko cha magetsi, Ndipo makamaka kuzungulira mphamvu yamagetsi, kumanga gridi yamagetsi ndi mphamvu. kusintha njira zitatu.
Malingana ndi State Grid Energy Research Institute, kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi kwa anthu onse kudzapitirira kuwonjezeka mu nthawi ya 12 ya zaka zisanu, koma chiwerengero cha kukula kwa chaka ndi chochepa kusiyana ndi nthawi ya 11 ya zaka zisanu.Pofika chaka cha 2015, kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi kwa anthu onse kudzafika pa 5.42 thililiyoni mpaka 6.32 thililiyoni KWH, ndi kukula kwapachaka kwa 6% -8.8%.Pofika mchaka cha 2020, mphamvu zonse zogwiritsa ntchito magetsi zidafika 6.61 thililiyoni mpaka 8.51 thililiyoni wa kilowatt-maola, ndikukula kwapakati pachaka kwa 4% -6.1%.
"Kukula kwa magetsi ogwiritsidwa ntchito kukucheperachepera koma kuchuluka kwake kukukulirakulirabe, chifukwa chake tiyenera kukulitsa mawonekedwe amagetsi kuti azitha kugwiritsa ntchito malasha kumbali yakutsogolo, apo ayi sitingakwaniritse cholinga cha 15% non-fossil. Kuchepetsa mphamvu ndi 40% mpaka 45% pofika 2015.Katswiri wa zamphamvu Lu Yang adafotokozera mtolankhani wathu.
Komabe, atolankhani kuchokera kukonzekera lipoti kafukufuku kuona, "khumi ndi ziwiri zaka zisanu" nthawi ya dongosolo China mphamvu akupatsidwa malasha matenthedwe mphamvu, amene amafuna mphamvu gwero dongosolo kukhathamiritsa mwa kukweza madzi ndi magetsi, mphamvu ya nyukiliya. ndi madzi a mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa ndi mphamvu zina zoyera ndi mphamvu zopangira magetsi, ndikuchepetsa gawo la malasha kuti akwaniritse kukwaniritsidwa.
Malinga ndi ndondomekoyi, chiwerengero cha magetsi opangidwa ndi magetsi chidzakwera kuchoka pa 24 peresenti mu 2009 kufika pa 30,9 peresenti mu 2015 ndi 34,9 peresenti mu 2020, ndipo chiwerengero cha magetsi chidzakweranso kuchoka pa 18,8 peresenti mu 2009 kufika pa 23,7 peresenti mu 2015 ndi 27.6 peresenti. peresenti mu 2020.
Panthawi imodzimodziyo, gawo la mphamvu ya malasha yoikidwa ndi kupanga magetsi lidzachepetsedwa ndi 6%.Izi zikugwirizana ndi lingaliro la Energy Administration kuti gawo la malasha pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zoyambira pazaka 12 za Plan ya Zaka Zisanu zidzatsikira pafupifupi 63 peresenti kuchoka pa 70 peresenti mu 2009.
Malinga ndi mapulani a National Energy Administration, mu nthawi ya "zaka khumi ndi ziwiri zisanu" kudera lakum'mawa kuti azilamulira malasha, nyanja ya bohai, mtsinje wa Yangtze, mtsinje wa pearl, ndi mbali za kumpoto chakum'mawa, kulamulira mwamphamvu. malasha, kumanga malasha kumangoganizira zothandizira kumanga magetsi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito malo opangira magetsi a malasha, kumanga nyumba yamagetsi kum'mawa kudzayika patsogolo mphamvu za nyukiliya ndi gasi.
Kumanga gridi yamagetsi: zindikirani network network
Malinga ndi kuneneratu kwa State Grid Energy Research Institute, kuchuluka kwa anthu onse kudzafika 990 miliyoni kW mu 2015, ndi chiwonjezeko chapachaka cha 8.5% pa nthawi ya 12th Five-year Planning.Chiwopsezo chachikulu cha kukula kwamagetsi ndichofulumira kuposa kukula kwa magetsi, ndipo kusiyana kwapamwamba-chigwa cha gridi chidzapitirira kuwonjezeka.Pakati pawo, gawo lakum'mawa likadali likulu la katundu wa dziko.Pofika chaka cha 2015, Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei ndi Shandong, zigawo zinayi za Middle East China ndi East China zidzawerengera 55.32% ya magetsi a dziko lonse.
Kuwonjezeka kwa katundu kumayika patsogolo zofunikira za ntchito yotetezeka komanso yokhazikika komanso malamulo apamwamba apamwamba.Mtolankhani atha kuwona kuchokera ku lipoti lapadera la mapulaniwo, poganizira kuchuluka kwa magetsi, nthawi ya 12 yazaka zisanu idzakhala kudzera pakupititsa patsogolo ntchito yomanga gridi yanzeru, gridi yamagetsi apakati pa chigawo ndi zigawo ndi kuwongolera anaika kukula kwa pumped storage.
Shu Yinbiao, wachiwiri kwa manejala wamkulu wa State Grid, adanena posachedwapa kuti pa nthawi ya 12 ya zaka zisanu za Plan, State Grid idzagwiritsa ntchito njira ya "ulamuliro umodzi wapadera, mabungwe akuluakulu anayi" kuti amange gululi wamphamvu."Mphamvu imodzi yapadera" imatanthawuza chitukuko cha UHV, ndipo "zazikulu zinayi" zikutanthawuza kukula kwakukulu kwa mphamvu zazikulu za malasha, mphamvu zazikulu zamadzi, mphamvu zazikulu za nyukiliya ndi mphamvu zazikulu zongowonjezwdwa komanso kugawidwa koyenera kwa magetsi kudzera mu chitukuko cha UHV.
Makamaka, tikuyenera kupanga ukadaulo wa UHV AC wotumizira, ukadaulo wosungira mphepo ndi kutumizira, ukadaulo wa gridi wanzeru, ukadaulo wosinthika wa DC, ukadaulo wa UHV DC, ukadaulo waukulu wosungira mphamvu, ukadaulo watsopano wolumikizidwa ndi grid, mphamvu zogawa ndi zazing'ono. ukadaulo wa grid, ndi zina. ”Shu YinBiao adatero.
Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa chakusakhazikika komanso kusinthasintha kwa mphamvu yamphepo ndi kutulutsa mphamvu yamagetsi adzuwa, pofuna kuwonetsetsa kuti kayendetsedwe kabwino kamphamvu kamagetsi, mu nthawi ya 12th Year Planning Plan, mphamvu yamayamwidwe amphamvu yamphepo ndi mphamvu yazithunzi zidzasinthidwa. poonjezera gawo la baling la kuphatikizika kwa moto wa mphepo ndikukhazikitsa malo osungiramo ndi mphepo yamkuntho ndi malo oyendera.
Bai Jianhua, mkulu wa Energy Strategy and Planning Institute of State Grid Energy Research Institute, akukhulupirira kuti "ndikoyenera kuganizira kuti kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwamphamvu yamatenthedwe sikuyenera kupitirira 50%, nthawi yodutsa pamapindikira iyenera kuyendetsedwa ndi 90%, ndipo chiŵerengero cha mphamvu yotentha yochokera kumphepo iyenera kukhala 1:2.”
Malinga ndi lipoti lokonzekera, pofika chaka cha 2015, mphamvu yoposa theka la mphamvu za mphepo ya dzikolo idzayenera kutengedwa kuchokera kumadera atatu a Kumpoto ndi madera ena akutali kudzera mu gridi yamagetsi ya chigawo ndi chigawo, kumanga chigawo chapakati ndi kudutsa. -gulu lamagetsi lachigawo lakhala chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri za "12th Five-year Plan".
Malinga ndi atolankhani, dongosolo la 12 lazaka zisanu lidzamaliza maukonde amagetsi adziko lonse.Pofika chaka cha 2012, pomaliza ntchito yolumikizira 750-kV / ± 400-kV AC/DC pakati pa Qinghai ndi Tibet, ma gridi akuluakulu asanu ndi limodzi kum'mwera, chapakati, kum'mawa, kumpoto chakumadzulo, kumpoto chakum'mawa ndi kumpoto kwa China adzagwira zigawo zonse ndi mizinda. kumtunda.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-20-2022